Low-Carbon Cooling Strategies for Public Institutions

James Wilson

Low-Carbon Cooling Strategies for Public Institutions

Author(s)	Dr. James Wilson
Country	United States
Abstract	Public institutions require reliable indoor thermal conditions to sustain education, healthcare, administration, research, cultural services, and other essential public functions. Rising cooling demand, however, can increase electricity consumption, peak-load pressure, operating expenditure, refrigerant-related emissions, and exposure to carbon-intensive energy systems. This paper develops a conceptual–methodological framework for low-carbon cooling in public institutions by integrating passive design, building-envelope improvement, natural and mixed-mode ventilation, high-efficiency mechanical cooling, intelligent controls, low-global-warming-potential refrigerants, renewable electricity, and institutional energy governance. The study argues that low-carbon cooling should not be treated primarily as replacement of one air-conditioning unit with another. Instead, cooling demand should first be reduced through climate-responsive building measures, after which the remaining load can be served more efficiently and with lower-carbon energy. Research on passive cooling confirms that heat protection, thermal modulation, ventilation, and heat-dissipation measures can materially reduce building cooling requirements, while intelligent natural-ventilation control can further improve the use of passive opportunities. A scenario-based analytical model compares progressive institutional cooling packages. Because no measured building-energy dataset was provided, all quantitative results are explicitly simulated. The model indicates that integrated packages combining passive load reduction, smart controls, efficient equipment, improved refrigerant management, and lower-carbon electricity can produce substantially greater simulated emissions reductions than isolated interventions. The study concludes that public institutions should adopt a cooling hierarchy based on demand avoidance, passive heat management, efficient system operation, low-emission cooling technology, renewable energy integration, and continuous performance monitoring.
Keywords	low-carbon cooling, public institutions, passive cooling, building energy efficiency, HVAC, sustainable buildings, thermal comfort, refrigerants
Field	Engineering
Published In	Volume 6, Issue 5, September-October 2025
Published On	2025-10-13

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American Journal of Advanced Multidisciplinary Innovation and Research

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Low-Carbon Cooling Strategies for Public Institutions

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