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Quantum-Resistant Identity Management for Long-Lived Public Records

Author(s) Dr. Alexander J. Mitchell
Country United States
Abstract Long-lived public records create an unusual cybersecurity problem because their evidentiary value may need to survive for decades after the cryptographic technologies used at creation have become obsolete. Birth and civil-status records, land titles, judicial decisions, pension records, educational credentials, licenses, archival government documents, and other official records may depend on digital identities, public-key certificates, electronic signatures, and validation evidence whose security assumptions are expected to change during the lifetime of the record. The emergence of post-quantum cryptography makes this temporal mismatch increasingly significant. NIST finalized FIPS 203, FIPS 204, and FIPS 205 in August 2024, standardizing ML-KEM for key establishment and ML-DSA and SLH-DSA for digital signatures. NIST now states that organizations should begin migration to quantum-resistant cryptography, while its current post-quantum project describes a transition in which quantum-vulnerable public-key algorithms are to be deprecated and ultimately removed from NIST standards by 2035, with higher-risk systems expected to transition earlier.
This study develops a quantum-resistant identity-management framework specifically for long-lived public records. The proposed model separates four concerns that are frequently conflated: identity proofing at record creation, authentication of the authorized official or system, cryptographic signing of the record, and preservation of sufficient evidence to verify authenticity many years later. The framework integrates post-quantum signatures, cryptographic agility, certificate and key lifecycle management, archival timestamping and validation evidence, provenance metadata, preservation-event logging, and algorithm-renewal procedures. A synthetic dataset representing 320 public-record systems was created and divided equally among four architectures: static classical public-key infrastructure, classical PKI with planned re-signing, hybrid classical/post-quantum signatures, and crypto-agile post-quantum identity management with archival evidence renewal. The simulated long-term verification-readiness score increased from 42 to 68, 88, and 96 respectively. The strongest architecture also produced the highest migration-readiness, identity-continuity, and evidence-preservation scores.
The findings are illustrative rather than empirical. They nevertheless demonstrate that quantum resistance for public records should not be reduced to replacing RSA or elliptic-curve algorithms with a new signature primitive. Records intended to remain trustworthy for decades require a continuity architecture capable of preserving the original record, the identity context under which it was created, historical certificate status, cryptographic validation information, provenance, and later preservation actions. The article concludes that governments should pursue quantum-resistant identity management through crypto-agile public-key infrastructures, post-quantum signing, hybrid transition mechanisms where appropriate, preservation-grade metadata, and controlled cryptographic renewal. Long-term public-record authenticity should be treated as a lifecycle property rather than a one-time signature event.
Keywords post-quantum cryptography, digital identity, public records, long-term digital signatures, ML-DSA, quantum-resistant authentication, cryptographic agility, digital preservation, public-key infrastructure, archival authenticity
Field Engineering
Published In Volume 3, Issue 3, May-June 2022
Published On 2022-05-18
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